Multistage reliability-based expansion planning of ac distribution networks using a mixed-integer linear programming model

A new mathematical model for the multistage distribution network expansion planning problem considering reliability is proposed in this paper. Decisions related to substation and branch are driven by minimization of total cost, which comprises investment operating costs including impact reliability. The features two main novelties. First, a set novel algebraic expressions devised standard index, namely expected energy not supplied. As result, dependence on topology explicitly effectively cast formulation at hand. In addition, effect characterized computationally efficient piecewise linear representation ac power flow that takes into account both real reactive power. resulting optimization formulated as an instance mixed-integer programming, provides suitable framework attainment high-quality solutions with acceptable computational effort using off-the-shelf software well-known convergence properties. effectiveness methodology empirically demonstrated providing cheaper plans enhance system achieving better results compared state-of-the-art models.